Skip to content
Buy This GLP
← Research
Evidence

Women on hormonal contraception started semaglutide more often

A quarter of a million Danish records show the association clearly. What they cannot show is which way it runs, and the authors do not pretend otherwise.

Neil Sanders6 min read
Later started semaglutide, vs controls1.0combined oral pill1.42progestin-only IUD1.63two or more types2.11An association between two prescriptions. Not a cause.

Weight is one of the commonest reasons women give for stopping a contraceptive, and the evidence behind that belief has always been thinner than the belief. A Danish nested case-control study came at it sideways, asking not whether contraception changes weight but whether women who had used it were more likely to later fill a prescription for semaglutide[1]. The related clinical questions are set out in four questions about contraception, one answered.

Every woman aged 12 to 49 in the Danish registers between 1996 and 2023 was eligible. Those who filled a first semaglutide prescription, with no prior glucose-lowering drug, became cases; each was matched to ten controls born the same year. That gave 22,694 cases and 229,640 controls, with a median age of 37.

Every contraception pattern was associated with later semaglutide use. Among women who had used a single type, adjusted hazard ratios ran from 1.42 (95% CI 1.34–1.51) for combined oral tablets to 1.63 (95% CI 1.46–1.82) for progestin-only intrauterine devices. Among those who had used two or more types, they ran from 1.64 (95% CI 1.47–1.82) to 2.11 (95% CI 1.97–2.25). Adjusting for BMI made these smaller without eliminating them, and the pattern held across age, education, income, parity and immigrant status.

The third explanation deserves more weight than it usually gets. Getting a contraceptive prescription means being in the health system. So does getting semaglutide. Any two prescriptions drawn from the same population will correlate somewhat for that reason alone, and a register study sees the prescriptions rather than the reasons behind them.

There is still something here for a reader deciding what to buy. A large share of the women starting these drugs arrive from a contraceptive prescription, which makes the interaction between the two a routine question rather than an edge case, and it is not one a checkout page will raise. The wider point that buyers carry more medical history than the marketing implies is documented in what else weight-drug users were already carrying, who is reaching these drugs at all in who the price filtered out, and what the whole market charges in what a GLP-1 actually costs.

Frequently asked

Does hormonal contraception cause weight gain?
This study does not show that. It shows women who had used hormonal contraception were more likely to later start semaglutide, which is an association between two prescriptions and is equally consistent with several explanations.
Why did adjusting for BMI matter?
It made the associations smaller without removing them, which suggests body weight explains part of the link but not all of it. What explains the rest is not established.
Which contraceptive had the strongest association?
Among single types, progestin-only intrauterine devices at 1.63. The highest figures overall, up to 2.11, were among women who had used two or more different types.

Sources

  1. [1] Bager MD, Wood-Kurland HK, Sørensen KK, Kragholm KH, et al. (2026). Hormonal Contraception and Initiation of Semaglutide Therapy JAMA Network Open. PMID 42485041

Where to get it

Price the injectable sellers

The desk lists every seller that publishes an injectable figure, with the advertised price struck against the one a buyer is billed.

Open the price desk

More in Evidence